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Generate a Random Password

openssl rand -base64 32

For example:
$ openssl rand -base64 16
mkK1snmU/Hk4SQGXej94Cg==

Generate a strong password with gpg

We can also use the gpg tool to generate a strong 18 characters password:

gpg --gen-random --armor 1 18

$ pwgen -h

Usage: pwgen [ OPTIONS ] [ pw_length ] [ num_pw ]

Options supported by pwgen:
  -c or --capitalize
        Include at least one capital letter in the password
  -A or --no-capitalize
        Don't include capital letters in the password
  -n or --numerals
        Include at least one number in the password
  -0 or --no-numerals
        Don't include numbers in the password
  -y or --symbols
        Include at least one special symbol in the password
  -r <chars> or --remove-chars=<chars>
        Remove characters from the set of characters to generate passwords
  -s or --secure
        Generate completely random passwords
  -B or --ambiguous
        Don't include ambiguous characters in the password
  -h or --help
        Print a help message
  -H or --sha1=path/to/file[#seed]
        Use sha1 hash of given file as a (not so) random generator
  -C
        Print the generated passwords in columns
  -1
        Don't print the generated passwords in columns
  -v or --no-vowels
        Do not use any vowels so as to avoid accidental nasty words

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